Quantum theory of light: quantization of the electromagnetic field, evolution of the field operators, quantum states of the electromagnetic field. Quantum information processing: quantum information, quantum communication, quantum computation with qubits, quantum computation with continuous variables. Density operators and super operators, fidelity, entropy, information and entanglement measures, correlation functions and interference of light, photon correlation measurements.

Laser for detection and ranging- LIDAR applications-Doppler wind LIDAR, Differential Absorption LIDAR for water vapor monitoring. Laser application in material processing – esp. CO2, YAG , Excimer,Ruby lasers-[material processing, Cutting, Welding, drilling, micro machining] – Interation of laser radiation with matter, Heat Flow Theory, Process characteristics etc. Laser anemometry, Schlieren Techniques for wind tunnels, Holography etc Lasers for metrology – Interferometery for surface characterization, precision length measurement, time standards etc, Medical applications of laser.

Introduction: Fourier Optics, Holography, Optical thin films and periodical structures Bragg gratings, photonic crystals, Gaussian beam propagation, ultra fast lasers, Fundamentals of Nonlinear Optics, Quantum optics.

MEMS: Introduction & applications, Substrates: Quartz, Ceramics, and Polymers.

Nonlinear optical susceptibility, wave equation description of nonlinear optical interactions - Sum frequency generation, Difference frequency generation, Second Harmonic generation, Phase matching condition, Optical parametric Oscillators, Quantum mechanical theory of nonlinear optical susceptibility- Schrodinger equation calculation, density matrix calculation.

Review of Semiconductor device Physics, Semiconductor Opto electronics- Solid State Materials, Emitters, Detectors and Amplifiers, Semiconductor Emitters- LEDs, Diodes, SLDs, CCDs, Semiconductor lasers- basic Structure, theory and device characteristics, DFB, DBR, Quantum well lasers ,Laser diode arrays, VCSEL etc. Semiconductor photo detectors:Materials - Si, Hg Cd Te, InGa As, Al Ga As, GaN etc for different wavelengths.

Detectors: Photoconductors, photo diodes, PIN, APD, Photo transistors, solar cells, CCDs, IR and UV detectors.

Introduction to information theory- Shannon noiseless coding theorem and Shannon noisy coding theorem.

Introduction to optical communication: Overview of General communication, advantage of optical communication, review of optical fibre and its propagation characteristics, signal attenuation in fibre, dispersion, classification and effect of dispersion in information transfer, review of fibre connectors, couplers, optical filter, isolator, circulator and attenuator.

Atomic structure and spectroscopy: One and multi electron atoms, energy level notation schemes, interaction of electromagnetic radiation with atoms, Einstein’s coefficients, line shape and broadening. Visible, UV and x-ray spectroscopy of atoms. Instrumentation and applications. Astronomical significance. Molecular spectroscopy: Molecular structure, Group theory for molecular physics, Huckel model, Hartree Fock, density functional calculation of di-atomic and poly-atomic molecules. Energy level structure and notation, electronics, vibrational and rotational structure.

Introduction: Moore’s law and technology development. International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS); Technology and material challenges limiting Moore’s law. Contacts : Fabrication of Junction, Metal-semiconductor contacts, Schottky barrier. Contact resistance: 2-probe and 4-probe measurements; Kelvin and van der Pau structures; pn junctions: carrier transport. Equilibrium conditions, Steady state conditions, Transients and AC conditions.

Second quantization: Fock space representation, creation and annihilation operators for bosons and fermions, representation of many-body operators. Green's functions at zero temperature: Interaction representation, Wick's theorem, Feynman diagrams. Finite temperatures: Matsubara functions, retarded and advanced Green's functions. Linear response, Kubo formula. Interacting fermions: Fermi liquid theory, Hubbard model, Heisenberg model. Electron-Phonon interaction, BCS theory of superconductivity