Broad-stroke overview – History of Microsystem Technology with overview on commercial products, Sensing & Actuation Principles of Microsystems, Applications-MEMS Materials and Fabrication Technology Microelectronic technologies for MEMS, Micromachining Technology: Surface and Bulk Micromachining, -Design and modelling of MEMS/Microsystem: Mechanics of MEMS/Microsystems- Elasticity-Stress/strain analysis of beams, membranes etc., thin film stress-Dynamics of Microsystems MEMS Transduction Mechanisms: Optical, piezoelectric, piezoresistive, FET based transduction etc.

Review of quantum mechanics, E-K diagrams, effective mass, electrons and holes in semiconductors, band diagram of silicon, carrier concentration, carrier statistics, carrier transport, junction devices(P-N junction, Metal –semiconductor junctions, solar cells etc.), MOS capacitor as a building block for MOSFETs (Ideal MOS, real/Non ideal MOS, band diagrams, C-V characteristics, electrostatics of a MOSCAP), MOSFET, I-V characteristics, scaling, short channel and narrow channel effects, high field effects, Reliability of transistor.

Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO): Need and importance – Coupled systems – Analyser vs. evaluator – Single vs. bi-level optimisation – Nested vs.

Kernel Methods: reproducing kernel Hilbert space concepts, kernel algorithms, multiple kernels, graph kernels; multitasking, deep learning architectures; spectral clustering ;model based clustering, independent component analysis; sequential data: Hidden Markhov models; factor analysis; graphical models; reinforcement learning; Gaussian processes; motiff discovery; graph based semi supervised learning; natural language processing algorithms.

Introduction to data mining concepts; linear methods for regression; classification methods: k- nearest neighbor classifiers, decision tree, logistic regression, naive Bayes, Gaussian discriminant analysis; model evaluation & selection; unsupervised learning: association rules; apriority algorithm, FP tree, cluster analysis, self- organizing maps, google page ranking; dimensionality reduction methods: supervised featureselection, principal component analysis; ensemble learning: bagging, boosting, Ada Boost; outlier mining; imbalance problem; multi class classification; evolutionary comp

Optimization: need for unconstrained methods in solving constrained problems, necessary conditions of unconstrained optimization, structure methods, quadratic models, methods of line search, steepest descent method; quasi-Newton methods: DFP, BFGS, conjugate-direction methods: methods for sums of squares and nonlinear equations; linear programming: sim- plex methods, duality in linear programming, transportation problem; nonlinear programming:

Module 1: Role of Interface Electronics, Analog Electronic Blocks, OPAMP – internal structure, Open-loop gain, Input R, Output R, DC noise sources and their drifts, CMRR, PSRR, Bandwidth and stability, Slew rate, Noise – general introduction, OPAMP Circuits and Analysis - Difference and Instrumentation Amplifiers (3- opamp and 2-opamp), Effect of cable capacitance and wire-resistance on CMRR, IA with guards, Biomedical application, Current-mode IA (Howland), Current-input IA, filters, Filters with underdamped response, state- variable filters, All-pass filters, Current Sources (floating and

Basic Concepts of dynamical systems and stability. Modelling of power system components for stability studies: generators, transmission lines, excitation and prime mover controllers, flexible AC transmission (FACTS) controllers.; Analysis of single machine and multi-machine systems. Small signal angle instability (low frequency oscillations): damping and synchronizing torque analysis, eigenvalue analysis.; Mitigation using power system stabilizers and supplementary modulation control of FACTS devices.

DC-AC Converters for control of AC Drives: Voltage Source Inverters, square wave operation, harmonic analysis, pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques, Space Vector PWM, Multilevel Inverters, Current Source Inverters.

Induction Motor Drives: Modelling of Induction Motors, Reference frame theory, speed-torque characteristics, Scalar control of Induction Motors, closed-loop operation, Vector control and field orientation, sensor- less control, flux observers, Direct torque and flux control.

Evolution of the Internet and Big Data. Introduction to the Internet of Things (IoT). The Internet protocol stack. IPv4 and IPv6. TCP and UDP. DNS and the IoT IoT Protocol stack, Layers in the Internet of Things. Sensing and Actuator Layer, Network Layer, and Application Layer. Wireless Sensor Networks. Communication Technologies for the Internet of Things. CoAP, MQTT, and HTTP Protocols for IoT. Data aggregation and fusion. Operating Systems for IoT. Contiki OS, Tiny OS, and other IoT OSs. Databases for the Internet of things. Data mining for the Internet of Things.

Review of basic probability and stochastic processes. Introduction to Markov chains. Markov models for discrete time dynamic systems, Reward, Policies, Policy evaluation, Markov decision processes, Optimality criteria, Bellman’s optimality principle, Dynamic programming, Optimality equations, Policy search, Policy iteration, Value iteration. Generalized Policy Iteration, Approximate dynamic programming.

Prerequisite: Linear algebra, Probability, and interest in programming