Despite a large number of studies made using both observations and models, due to the inability to disentangle the meterological effects from the aerosol impacts in cloud radiative forcing and poor parameterization in the numerical simulations, the interaction mechanisms between aerosols and clouds remain among the most un certain processes in the prediction of the global climate system

This thesis aims to investigate AGC in a conventional regulated power system and a deregulated power system with the integration of Solar PV, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), Super magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) and Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM). The linear time invariant models of Solar PV, BESS, SMES and STATCOM have been implemented in a two area power system for improving transient stability of the system. The average switching models of the active and reactive power devices have been presented to highlight the output current and power dynamics of the devices.

Scientific missions to Lagrangian points have the potential to enhance the understanding of the universe and to accelerate the exploration of space. A typical mission design to an orbit around the Lagrangian points from the Earth involves two steps. In the first step, an orbit with prescribed geometrical characteristics is designed and in the second step, an optimal transfer trajectory to the orbit from an Earth parking orbit is designed.

A cavitating venturi is a passive device that uses hydrodynamic cavitating flow to anchor the mass flow rate. The inter-phase interactions impart inherent cavity oscillations in the venturi operation, presenting challenges in understanding its flow behaviour and developing reliable numerical models. Cavitating venturis are passive devices with no moving parts. This unique feature makes the device an excellent flow rate controller in various industrial applications.

The realization of a highly developed society with zero-carbon emissions and advanced electrified transportation demands the emergence of batteries delivering superior energy density and charge storage capability. The search of electrochemists to find materials that can outperform Li-ion batteries led to the research on Li-S batteries (LSBs), which are energy-dense, high-capacity energy storage systems. Nonetheless, the widespread development of lithium-sulfur batteries is held back because of some serious concerns.

Over the last decade, advancements in the electronics sector have raised the bar for EMI shielding requirements. To meet this demand, recent research has focused on developing shielding materials that can give the same level of EMI SE value while eliminating all of the disadvantages of traditionally employed metallic shields. However, there is a significant gap between laboratory-level preparation and industrial applications.

Nickel nanoparticles (NPs) have garnered considerable interest due to their distinct magnetic, chemical, physical and electrochemical properties.

Mullite ceramics are widely recognized for their superior thermal stability, good creep resistance, low thermal conductivity and resistance to oxidation in high-temperature oxygen-rich environments. This thesis investigates a polymer-derived ceramic approach aimed at overcoming the limitations of traditional oxide composite manufacturing by enabling low-temperature, pressureless sintering while preserving the integrity of reinforcement materials.